Physical characterization of Black Ginger nano extract
- Nano Characterization
The prepared Black Ginger nano extract powder was diluted with distilled water at a ratio of 1:100. Particle size was measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) to assess nano characteristics, such as average diameter, zeta potential, and particle distribution.

- Solubility Testing and Nano Characterization Comparison
One gram each of Black Ginger extract powder and Black Ginger nano extract powder was weighed and dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water at room temperature. The powders were stirred until dissolved, and solubility was visually inspected. The solutions were then analyzed using DLS to assess nano characteristics, such as average particle diameter, zeta potential, and particle distribution.
- Results of Solubility and Nano Characterization Comparison
When Black Ginger extract powder and Black Ginger nano extract powder were dissolved in water, the Black Ginger extract powder showed partial solubility with sediment formation. In contrast, Black Ginger nano extract powder dissolved completely without sediment formation (Figure 2).

Subsequent analysis using DLS revealed that the particle size of Black Ginger extract powder was 2,503 ± 62.69 nm (2.503 μm), while Black Ginger nano powder had a significantly smaller particle size of 743 ± 74.16 nm (Table 1).
Table 1: Nano Characteristics of Black Ginger Extract Powder and Black Ginger Nano Extract Powder
| Sample | Average Particle Diameter (nm) | Surface Charge (mV) | Polydispersity Index (PDI) |
| Black Ginger Extract Powder | 2,503 ± 62.69 | -16.99 ± 0.77 | 0.314 |
| Black Ginger Nano Extract Powder | 743 ± 74.16 | -24.60 ± 0.63 | 0.576 |
The surface charge of Black Ginger extract powder was -16.99 mV, whereas Black Ginger nano extract powder exhibited a higher surface charge of -24.60 mV. This indicates improved electrostatic stability of nanoparticles, which may help reduce particle aggregation. Although there was a slight difference in the polydispersity index (PDI) between the two samples (0.314 for extract powder and 0.576 for nanoparticle powder), this difference was not significant.
4. Conclusion and Discussion
The study found that the nanoparticle Black Ginger extract powder had a significantly smaller particle size compared to the Black Ginger extract powder. This resulted in better water solubility without sediment formation, whereas the Black Ginger extract powder only partially dissolved and formed sediment. Additionally, the nanoparticle Black Ginger extract powder exhibited a higher surface charge than the Black Ginger extract powder, indicating improved electrostatic stability, which helps reduce particle aggregation.
In conclusion, reducing the particle size using nanotechnology enhances both the water solubility and stability of Black Ginger extract powder, which are crucial factors for improving the efficacy of active compounds in future applications.